Cognitive foundations of structural health monitoring Rereading Capabilities for environmental hazard conditions

System health management and its sub-discipline, building health monitoring, are efficient engineering concepts that focus on monitoring and evaluating structural systems to optimize their behavior in both normal conditions and environmental hazard events. Monitoring the health of structures and infrastructure is a requirement for the management of progressive societies, as life in these societies depends on advanced structural systems that have been in place for a long time since their design. Since it is not economically feasible to replace these systems with new ones, Effective strategies are developed that facilitate the detection of structural weaknesses and then programming to improve them. The structural health monitoring method is one of the most effective approaches in this field. The importance of this engineering approach is especially important for countries that are at risk of actual and potential natural hazards. Therefore, it is important to conduct targeted research to introduce the principles and concepts of this engineering discipline. 
Method: This research is qualitative, and in conducting it, the causal method has been adopted to survey the relationships and causes between building health management and the quality of its technical performance.
Results: The article begins with an analytical discussion of basic concepts and definitions, aiming to establish a common language for disseminating the subject to the country's scientific and engineering discourses. It also discusses the factors that determine the optimal strategy for applying these concepts, explaining the principle that the building health approach is based on the use of developed techniques for comprehensive structural monitoring and assessment of buildings. In other words, building health management is a set of engineering processes and technologies to improve the safety and reliability of building systems. This article also discusses the point that building health engineering is an efficient method for continuous monitoring of structures and infrastructures that allows for early detection of damage and timely repair and replacement of defective components at the lowest cost. Building health engineering is effective in saving money, time, and improving safety. In addition to these aspects, it leads to increased knowledge about the safety status of buildings, which is an effective factor in improving structural standards as well as the safe design of structures in the future.
Conclusions: Structural health monitoring is a management method based on technologies and engineering processes to continuously monitor building systems to improve their safety and reliability. This engineering approach focuses on evaluating the health of structural systems to optimize their behavior both under normal conditions and under environmental hazards. This engineering method is interdisciplinary and is the result of the integration of science and technology, so it is essential to hold discussions in which experts in related fields can express their experiences on the latest scientific and technological achievements. The success of experts in this field is in updating their knowledge by knowing the latest scientific findings related to basic and applied issues in this field.